Improvement in ventilators



`warm it,`and 'return with it tln'ouglr the same tempersind (tithe WILLIAM E ROS OF Letters Patent No. 109,056,

DAVENPORT,IOWA.

dated NovemberS, 1870.

llrrirnovrwnirl iN vEN'nLAToRs.

The Schedule referred to in-these Letters Patent and making pari: of the same.-

To all whom it may concern.- I

Bc it known that I, WILLIAM F. Ross, of Davon port, in the county of Scott and Stateot' Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ventilatns; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact descr'iption thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art tornake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forrrning par't of this spccitication.

Figure l is a vertical section of a room or house illustrating my improved ventilator', taken through the line :v x, tig. 2.'

Figure L is a horizontal section of the same.

Figure 3 is'a' detail view, illustrating amodilication of the same. I

I `igure 4 is a detail view of the self-closing door.

Similar lette-rs of reference indicate corresponding parts.

My invention' has for its object to furnish an improved-means vfor ventilating rooms, cars, mines, and other inclosed spaces, with warm or cold fresh air, as may be required, free from dust and other impurities and y 4 It consists in the construction and combination of the various parts of the apparatus, as hereinafter more fully descr'ibed.

A is an air-chamber, tbrmed or placed above the apartment to be ventilated, for adapting the temperatur'c ofthe fresh air to that desired in the apartment to be ventilated, before it is intr'oduced therein.

In cold weather' the desired temperature may` be rmrintained'in the apartment to be ventilated in any manner, and the warmestair will r'ise rnd pass through thenaperture a in the center of the ceiling, into the chamber A, there meet the fresh air coming iu from the fresh-air' duet B, formcouuter currents therewith,

atureain the center of thc ceiling, into the apartment to be ventilated, thus introducing the fresh air, suitably warmed, into the middle ot' t-lre upper part of the apartment to be ventilated, so that it may reach the occupants or contents of the same uncontaminated 4by impurities at the side or in thc lower' par't thereof, and avoiding counter' currents of cold air and warm air in the apartment to be ventilated.

' lhc chamber' Amay lbeformed by a spiral'or other partition into a long passage-way, and in warm weath` er the fresh air may be made to pass under an evaporating-pan, O, of corresponding form, and thus be cooled in the chamber A to thc temperature desired before it is introduced into thc'apartrnent to be venti?A lated. The chamber A may be made water tight, dre.

B is an air-passage, for introducing air upward into v the chamber A, so. that the warm airfronr the apartmentto be ventilated cannot escape through ,such pas-V sage, and it is made in the form of an inverted siphon, th'at the air may be intr'oduced from the outside of the building, above, below, or upon a level with the iugress-opening of the chamber A, and also that a part or all ot' the downward passage of the duct B may be made wide and receive a zigzag or other for'urfrom partitions bl, extending partially across it, and so arranged as to serve as vshelves to support tanks b2, which may contain water, charcoal, lime, and salt, or other suitable purifier, disinfectant, or chemical, for the removal ot' dust, spor'es, or other irnpur'ities from the air as it cornes in contact with the contents of the tanks in its downward passage, or for imparting any desired 'quality to the air before it is introduced into the apartl ment to be ventilated.

-As afurthcr pr'ovision for arresting impurities in the air, thesides of this zigzag duct which are not covered by the tanks may be covered with cloths b", kept wet by extending into the water-tanks, and extending from one to another of such tanks, as shown in iig.

C is a metallic chamber or basin, placed directly over the air-chamber A, and for'med into a long passage'by a spiral or other' partition, and adapted to contain water or other volatile substance, so that the air passing from the apartment being ventilated may cool the air-chamber A, and, consequently, the air passing through said chamber to the apartment being ventilated.

From the chamber C the escaping air passes through the opening c into the chamber' I), which is coated with lamp-black or other' heat-absorbing material, and

Yexposed to the rays of the sun, so that the air therein may be warmed, and raretied, and escape through suitable openings to the outside of the building, and thus create a draught from the apartment being ventilated, and at the vsame time cool the ripper rooms of the building by passing a current of air over thc-m.

More warmth may be'secured iu D by allowing the suns 'ays .to entertherein through a double or triple glass sky-light or observatory over it, theblack inside surface of l) absorbing the heat, and the confined'air between the glass pla-tes preventingits escape through the sky-light.

lhc impure air escapes from the apartment being ventilated through openings in the floor or` lower part of the side walls of said apartment, into pipes o'r passages -E Fthrough which it passes into the chamber C, and escapes thence in the manner hereinbefore dcscr'ibcd.

One 'or more ofthe pipes or passages E F may be made wholly o1' partially of iron or' other' suitable heatabsorbing material, and exposed to the heat of the apartment being ventilated, or to the heat of some other, warmer apartment, so that the air within said to cause a draught from t-he apartment being vent-ilated, in absence of artificial heat or the chamber l), either orrbotlunor to co-operatc therewith. Y Y G is a part ofthe pipe or passage E F, ora brancll i )c connected with said iassane and )roieetinfy into the apartment to be ventilated, lthe middle part of which is detachable and is made ot' glass other sultable transparent material, and which is connected with the gas-burner, lmnp-burner, or other ilhuninator, in Such a. way, as to support the combustion with air e'scapiug from the lower part of `the aparti'ncnt being ventilated, and to carry ott' the products ot combustion without allowing them to cuter the said apartment.

This `construction prevents the illuminator from warming/the apartment heilig ventilated, and economizcsthc heat ot' the illuminatorto create a draught. in the duct oi* passage 'll F, and thus carry on the ventilation ot' the apartment in the absence ot other appliances, or in co-opcration therewith, andalso admits ofthe burning of impure gases, oils, or fluids, without contaminating the atmosphere lot' the room v`with impure and offensive gases and odors. i

'lo obtainrthe best results ii'om this system ot' v entilation, .it is essential that the windows and doors be kept closed as much as possible. To accomplish this I d ivide the doors 1l and the windows, either or both, horizontally into two parts, of which the upper is the larger, connected by cords I with a set of large and small pulleys, J, or with a set of long and vshort lcvers, s0 that a slight downward movement of the lower part of said door or window may Vraise the upper part to the desired or necessary distance, and so that, when left to itself, the weight of theupper part will raise metio 2 the lower part until the two parts meet and close the door or window automatically. In the case of adoor, a

threshold or ilange may be attached to or connected with the lower part ofthe door, so that the weight of a person or animal on 'said threshold or flange will open the door and hold it open until said weight is removed.

Having -thus described my invention,

Y 1. The chamber A, arranged above and opening into the apartment to receive the warm air therefrom, -cmnbined with a cold-air-duct, for the'purposeot tem.- 'pci-ing the fresh air before its introduction into the lUOlll.

2. The zigzag siphonic duct B, having partitions b, tanks b2, and cloths'b, ar anged with respect to the air-chamber A, -as land for' the purpose specied.

3. The arrangement, with respect to'outlet-pipes E YF, of a branch projecting into the apartment, and having a detachable central glass tube, G, to produce a draught in said pipes, and to admit ot the unhealthy products ot combustion being carried off, in the manner described.

4. The basin or chamber C, constructed a's described, in combination with tire air-chamber A, air-pipes or passages E F, either or both, and with the apartment or spaccto be vcntitatcd, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination ot' the chamber D with the chamber or basin C, air-chambcrA, air-passages or pipes E F, and apartment or Space to be ventilated, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

(j. llhe pipes or passages E F, either or both, constructed as described, in combination with the chamto be ventilated, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purposclset forth.

- XVM. F. ROSS.

Witnesses:

H. \VALns, J. H. THOMPSON.

1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patl ber or basin C, air-chamberA, and apartment or space' 

